Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients

Question: Discuss about the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients. Answer: Outline services for implementation COPD patients need to breath in fresh air. The elderly people who have COPD needs more care, as their mobility reduces. According to Voelker (2015), COPD is increasing lung disease of refractory asthma, chronic bronchitis and breathlessness. COPD develops when the patient avoid the symptoms of such diseases. An elderly person of 89 years old age with COPD may use the following services: The service user needs to use inhaler. Inhaler helps a patient to provide medication directly to the breathing system. The health and social care provider needs to teach the family members of the patient about the use of inhaler if the patient is unable to use it (Saxena and Khan, 2016). There are various kinds of inhalers. Short-acting bronchodilator inhaler- most of the service users recommends to use this type of inhaler for primary treatment. Long-acting bronchodilator inhalers- this inhaler is used when a patient suffers from long term COPD. Elderly people with COPD may use this inhaler to get relief. Steroid inhalers: the service user can use steroid inhaler to decrease the inflammation of airways. Medication Service providers can suggest medication to the elderly people if they have problem in using inhalers. However, medication may have some side effects like headache, insomnia, palpitation and fever. As per Henry, Man and Fung, (2013), Service provider can suggest theophylline tablet to relax and open the airways. The patient needs regular blood test for checking the blood medication level. Beneficiary of the outline services Use of inhalers helps to widen the airways system and provide air directly into the lung. Inhaled steroid reduces the oscillation of asthma attacks. Inhaler helps to decrease the beta-agonist bronchodilator uses. Moreover, inhalers improve the function of lungs. It helps to decrease the risk of life threats and visit of hospitals. Systemic steroids help in the treatment of episodic COPD (Rinne et al. 2015). Medication can decrease the problem. It will not only open the airways but also helps to relax the airways and lungs. Medication may be effective e for the allergic asthma also. Medication can be given by injection also. The steroid is injected directly into the blood to control and prevent the allergic agent causing COPD. However, medication can increase the heart rate slightly and rashes may appear on skin surface. The care provider should be careful during injecting the steroid to an elderly patient (Ajmera, Shen, and Sambamoorthi, 2016). Care plan outline for Mrs. Liptons problems As Mrs. Lipton is 90 years old independent lady. She has many health issues like hypertension, myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes mellitus and pmh. The service user should be more careful during her medication planning. According to Martin et al. (2016), before making a care plan, the service provider needs to inspect the reason of falling and the type of falling. The care provider must examine Mrs. Lipton as she may get serious injuries like break of bones or muscle injury (Potter et al. 2016). The service provider needs to know her medical history and medication process. The provided should contain less amount of calorie, fat and salt. The service provider should check the blood pressure and blood sugar of Mrs. Lipton on daily basis. As she has fallen in garden, she must be injured. The care provider must be careful during her medication as she may develop some serious health issues due to the medication. All the medication, she has to take due to her previous health issues sho uld be provided to her time to time. Care provider should help Mrs. Lipton to use bathroom, dress up and other necessary works. Mrs. Lipton should be observed closely. Care provider needs to be polite and understand her emotional and mental condition. Care provider may consult to a dietitian and psychologist to plan a safe diet for her. The diet chart provided by the dietitian must be followed quickly. In view of Martin et al. (2016), the diet chart must avoid the foods with much calorie, fat and salt. The diet also should avoid allergic substance; otherwise the injury would take time to get hilled. The diet may contain good quantity and quality of protein and complex carbohydrate. With the treatment of injury, her other health issues also should get same priority. The increase of body tissue sensitivity may help her to recover soon. However, medication of type 2 diabetes mellitus helps to develop the body tissue sensitivity (Fox et al. 2013). Importance of early discharge planning and the consideration of issues Mrs. Lipton needs to be discharged early. She is 90 years old and lives independently. She may feel uneasy in the ward as she is habituated to live alone. She may be anxious and the result may be harmful. It can increase her blood glucose and blood pressure level. She may refuse to take medication from the service provider. Delay of taking medication has can be dreadful. The chance of mortality rate increases and morbidity rate decrease (Voelker, 2015). The early discharge planning can improve the outcomes of system level. It can be done after inspecting the index hospital or nursing home discharge. As stated by (Saxena and Khan, 2016), the care provider can apply the findings for the better treatment and plan an early discharge planning. However, the early discharge planning may create problems. The patient may have to get admitted again in the hospital. Early discharge planning may goal to promote care transition back to the society. The care giver should make an early discharge planning after his satisfaction. The care giver must help the patient to return to her normal independent life (Fox et al. 2013). The care giver must assure Mrs. Lipton that she may not have to admit again in the hospital for her injury. Early discharge planning may change the mortality and morbidity rate of patient. The early discharge plan generally depends on two factors, Medicare prospective payment system and increase of managed care (Henry, Man and F ung, 2013). However, the post injury care is also necessary for a patient. If the care giver plans an early discharge plan without satisfaction, it may harm the patient in future. References Ajmera, M., Shen, C. and Sambamoorthi, U., (2016). Concomitant Medication Use and New-Onset Diabetes Among Medicaid Beneficiaries with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Population Health Management. Link https://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/pop.2016.0047 Fox, M.T., Persaud, M., Maimets, I., Brooks, D., OBrien, K. and Tregunno, D., (2013). Effectiveness of early discharge planning in acutely ill or injured hospitalized older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics,13(1), p.1. Link https://download.springer.com/static/pdf/776/art%253A10.1186%252F1471-2318-13-70.pdf?originUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fbmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com%2Farticle%2F10.1186%2F1471-2318-13-70token2=exp=1480679726~acl=%2Fstatic%2Fpdf%2F776%2Fart%25253A10.1186%25252F1471-2318-13-70.pdf*~hmac=212f6232073c11b7802ee13529b4020e8c9ac6670634a0c3edc440cb398dafea Henry, P.C.L., Man, C.S. and Fung, Y.S., (2013). Effectiveness of nurse?led disease management programs on health outcomes and health service utilization in adult patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review protocol.JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports,11(1), pp.307-328. Link file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/Effectiveness_of_nurse_led_disease_management.8.pdf Martin, R.S., Hayes, B., Gregorevic, K. and Lim, W.K., (2016). The effects of advance care planning interventions on nursing home residents: A systematic review.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,17(4), pp.284-293. Link https://www.jamda.com/article/S1525-8610(15)00776-8/fulltext Potter, P.A., Perry, A.G., Stockert, P. and Hall, A., (2016).Fundamentals of nursing. London: Elsevier Health Sciences. Link https://content.iospress.com/articles/technology-and-health-care/thc1060 Rinne, S.T., Wong, E.S., Hebert, P.L., Au, D.H., Lindenauer, P.K., Neely, E.L., Sulc, C.A. and Liu, C.F., (2015). Weekend Discharges and Length of Stay Among Veterans Admitted for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Medical care,53(9), pp.753-757. Link https://journals.lww.com/lww medicalcare/Abstract/2015/09000/Weekend_Discharges_and_Length_of_Stay_Among.3.aspx Saxena, M. and Khan, M.S., (2016). A Comparative Study On Inhaler Use Among Bronchial Asthma And COPD Patients.National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine,7(2), pp.37-40. Link https://www.scopemed.org/fulltextpdf.php?mno=227366 Voelker, H., Albert, R.K., Bailey, W.C., Casaburi, R., Cooper, J.A.D., Curtis, J.L., Dransfield, M.T., Han, M.K., Criner, G.J., Washko, P.G. and McEvoy, C.E., (2015). Cardiac Events And Relationship To Rates Of Acute Exacerbation In COPD.Am J Respir Crit Care Med,191, p.A6368. Link https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2015.191.1_MeetingAbstracts.A6368